The chiropractic is only a little more than a century old, but manipulation in its various forms has been used to treat human ailments since a long time ago. Ancient Egyptian, Chinese, Japanese, and Tibetan records describe the use of manual procedures to treat disease. Manipulation was also a part of the North and South American Indian cultures. Certainly, Hippocrates (460–355 bc) was known to use manual procedures in treating spinal deformity, and the noted physicians Galen (131–202 ad), Celsus, and Orbasius alluded to manipulation in their writings.
